Presentation of PNH
PNH presentation is highly variable, and definitive diagnosis can be delayed for as long as 3 to 10 years1
The most common signs and symptoms of PNH are2-7
Although hemolysis is chronic in PNH,8 hemoglobinuria — often considered a classic feature — is a presenting symptom in only 26% of cases.2
PNH should be in your differential when patients present with these signs and symptoms.
Next: Screening for PNH
References:
1. Hillmen P, Lewis SM, Bessler M, Luzzatto L, Dacie JV. Natural history of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1253-1258.
2. Parker C, Omine M, Richards S, et al. Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Blood. 2005;106:3699-3709.
3. Luzzatto L, Gianfaldoni G. Recent advances in biological and clinical aspects of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Int J Hematol. 2006;84:104-112.
4. Besa EC. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. eMedicine. August 2006;1-11. Available at: http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2696.htm Accessed: 5/17/2007.
5. Rother RP, Bell L, Hillmen P, Gladwin MT. The clinical sequelae of intravascular hemolysis and extracellular plasma hemoglobin. JAMA. 2005;293:1653-1662.
6. Hillmen P, Young NS, Schubert J, et al. The complement inhibitor eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1233-1243.
7. Rosse WF, Hillmen P, Schrieber AD. Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Hematology. (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program) January 2004:48-62.
8. Hill A, Hillmen SJ, Elebute D, et al. Sustained response and long-term safety of eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Blood. 2005;106:2559-2565.